PABX Telephone System, How does it work?

The term PBX stands for Private Branch eXchange. A PBX, sometimes known as a phone switch or phone switching device, is a device that connects office telephones in a business with the public telephone network. The initial central functions of a PBX were to route incoming calls to the appropriate extension in an office, and to share phone lines between extensions. Over time, many functions have been added, such as automated greetings for callers using recorded messages, dialing menus, connections to voicemail, automatic call distribution (ACD), teleconferencing, and more.

The hardest feature to provide has been Automatic Call Distribution (ACD), and usually vendors charge a premium for products that include this feature. Other features that often get left out include integrated voice messaging, conference bridging for conferencing multiple outside calls, and detailed real-time system monitoring. Many times some of these features are not part of the base PBX system but can be purchased through add-on system modules.

so basically the cost will escalate depending on the number of modules that you require for your solution.

Microwave for telecomunication

The telecommunications infrastructure of the world is still in a stage of rapid expansion, with existing infrastructure requiring frequent replacement due to technological advancement.  The continuing demand for specialist telecommunications engineers is effectively guaranteed for the foreseeable future.
This program aims to provide students with the technological skills needed to design RF/Microwave communications systems, including wireless and optical technologies and deals principally with design and manufacturing techniques.  Students should have a bachelor of engineering background in electronics, communications engineering, electromagnetic wave fundamentals, photonic devices or optical communication technology.
Projects in this area will generally follow the research interests of the staff teaching in the area.  A sample of current interests includes 'smart' antennas for mobile base stations, ultra wideband microwave systems, bio-electromagnetic effects in telecommunications engineering, and optical interconnection schemes for high speed digital systems.
Telecommunications Engineers are typically employed in the private sector in one of the many large national and multinational telecommunications companies that deal with either services or equipment.  Some of these companies are involved in network operation - providing the phone and Internet services to an increasing customer base.  Other companies are involved in product design, providing the telecommunications appliances used by consumers and by the network provider companies.
Microwave and RF Engineers are typically employed in specialist sections of telecommunications companies that deal with wireless communications and in industries specifically related to defence work.

How To Install Telephone Points

There are two simple rules to follow with telephone extensions:

1. The socket your telephone line is connected to (from outside) is called the master socket, and from it, slave sockets are connected

2. The new cable you are to install MUST be connected IDENTICALLY at both ends (ie. connection  1 to 1, 2 to 2....)

The new cable you are going to need to connect your new 'slave' socket to your existing socket must be a telephone cable (4 pair cable recommended).  Telephone cables consist of pairs of wires twisted together (known as 'twisted pair') and is the reason why the cable is referred to as '# pair cable'.

As mentioned above, some telephone company's use split front telephone sockets - if this is the case, only remove the half cover by removing the front screws and pulling forward the cover. On the reverse of the cover are the connections for extensions to be connected to

In the event of a problem after you have installed your extension, leave this cover off and plug your phone into the socket inside the cover, to check your phone line is still working, before looking further at why your extension is dead!

As shown in the diagram above, you can connect up to 4 additional phone sockets to your line, in any formation (they do not have to be directly connected to the master socket). 

Do not try to connect more than 4 additional sockets to your phone line if you intend to connect phones to all of the sockets, as one phone line has the capacity to ring only 4 phones (at 1 REN value each). If you intend to plug something in that will not ring (ie an auto dialer), then this does not apply.

Points to note

The reference to the number of phones you can connect to a single phone line only applies if each phone has a REN value of 1 (check the underside of your phone and look for the REN value). 

Your incoming phone line will only have two cores connected (White/Blue and White/Blue used commonly). Once your line has passed through your master socket, an additional cable will be used. It is important that this cable is connected! This cable is the earth for the ringer signal, and without it, all phone extensions will fail to ring on incoming calls! Follow the instructions detailed on this site to guarantee a successful installation!

Panasonic Digital PABX KX-TD500

1. Super-Hybrid Multi-Device Technology
2. ISDN Capability (BRI/ PRI)
3. TAPI 2 CTI Interface
4. QSIG Digital Networking Allows Basic Call Handling (Outgoing and Incoming), Closed Numbering Routing, and CLIP/ COLP/, CLIR/COLR
5. Integration with Voice-Processing System
6. Advanced CTI Features, Including Name Dialing and Database Pop-up
7. Built-in Hotel Features: Check In/ Check Out, Wake Up Calls, Room Status, and Remote Station Lock
8. UCD with Messaging Capability with Agent Log-in/ Log-out (Max.8 Messages, 30 Seconds Each)
9. 192 CO Lines/ 448 Extensions
10. (Max. 512 Ports)

PABX Telephone System

So, in such cases, installing business phone systems is great option. Not only does it save you time and money in the office, but also prevents you from losing out on potential business, even when you are away. One such office phone system is the PABX system, which stands for Private Automatic Branch Exchange.

PABX

PBX is an acronym for Private Branch Exchange and it stands for a telephone exchange that is used in business or the office as opposed to one that is used as a common carrier or telephone company that operates for many businesses or for the general public.

PBX is also referred to as PABX-Private Automatic Branch Exchange and EPABX-Electronic Private Automatic Branch Exchange.

PBXs are used to make connections amongst the internal telephones of a private organisation, which are usually business oriented. They are also connected to a public switched telephone network (PSTN) through trunk lines. As they incorporate telephones, modems, fax machines, and many more parts, the general term "extensions" that is given is referred to the end point on the branch.

PBXs are differentiated from the key systems in which the users of the key system manually select the outgoing lines, whereas the PABX phone system selects it automatically. There are some hybrid systems that combine both the features. In the beginning, the main advantage of PBXs was the cost saved on internal phone calls, handling the circuit switching and thus locally reduced charges for the local phone service. Over the time, as PBXs increased in their popularity, it started offering many more services than the operator network, like call forwarding, extension dialling and hunt groups. In the early 1960s, there was a simulated PBX known as Centrex, which provided many similar features as the central telephone exchange.

How it all began

There were two significant developments during the 1990s and it led to new types of PBX systems. One of the developments was the immense growth of the data network and the increased understanding in the public about packet switching. Companies needed packet switched networks for data and to use them for public telephones was very tempting and with the global availability of the Internet, the system made packet switched communication became even more attractive.

These factors then lead to the development of the VoIP Phone System, which stands for Voice over Internet Protocol. Another development that leads to the hosted PBXs was that most companies realised that they did not have the core competence to handle the telephony of their companies and they required it to be done by someone else. Thus, in a hosted PBX setup, the PBX is situated and managed by a telephone provider and the features and calls are delivered through the Internet. The customer has to just sign up instead of buying the hardware. But today there are many companies that are setting up their own PBX systems, which are available with companies like ITT Communications.